Steam sterilization is a method that uses high temperatures at saturated pressure to kill microorganisms and their spores.
General Operating Principle
When steam pressure is at 1.1 kg/cm², the temperature created in the autoclave is 121°C. The optimal sterilization time is about 10-15 minutes or 25 minutes, depending on the sample and environment.
The sterilization time depends on the volume of liquid to be processed. The sterilization time is only counted when the temperature reaches 121°C.
The equipment used for steam sterilization is called an "Autoclave."
Advantages of Steam Sterilization
- Safe, effective, and cost-efficient
- Easy to operate and control
- High reliability of results
Disadvantages of Steam Sterilization
- Limited use for heat-sensitive samples
- Micro-surgical instruments can be damaged due to repeated exposure
- Instruments may become wet, leading to rust
Steam sterilization is the most common and cost-effective method today. The invention of the "Autoclave" has significantly aided in infection control.
Wet sterilization is applied in various fields such as healthcare, biomedical sciences, food, pharmaceuticals, cell culture, and stem cells.
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